Wen Zhengming (1470-1559), that is, Wen Zhengming, was originally named Bi, styled Zhengming, later changed to Zhengzhong, named Hengshan, Tingyun, and was born in Changzhou (now Wu County, Jiangsu). His ancestral home is Hengshan, so he was named Hengshan Jushi. His family background was Wu Bian, and his grandfather started to display Wen, and his father Wen Lin was the magistrate of Yongjia County, Wenzhou. He studied classics and poetry when he was young, and loved calligraphy and painting. He was a literary teacher Wu Kuan, a calligraphy student Li Yingzhen, and a painting master Shen Zhou. He was famous for his talents when he was young, and he was called "Four Talents in Wuzhong" together with Zhu Yunming, Tang Yin and Xu Zhenqing. However, the road to the imperial examination was very bumpy. From the age of 26 in Hongzhi Yimao (1495) to the age of 53 in Jiajing Renwu (1522), he failed ten times in the examination. It was not until the age of 54 that he was recommended as a tribute student to Beijing. hospital. Witnessing corruption in the officialdom for four years, he repeatedly begged for return, and returned to his hometown at the age of 57, devoting himself to poetry, calligraphy and painting. He is proficient in the art of painting in various subjects, and is good at various fine and rough methods. He has excellent eyesight and pen control ability. When he was in his 80s, he could write small script very fluently all day long. In painting, he co-created the "Wu School" with Shen Zhou, and is also known as the "Four Schools of Wu School" with Shen Zhou, Tang Yin, and Qiu Ying. Calligraphy, together with Zhu Yunming and Wang Chong, is known as the "Three Masters of Wuzhong".
Li Yingzhen, Wen Zhengming's first calligrapher, has extensively studied the famous works of the previous generation, and has attainments in seal script, official script, regular script, running script and cursive script. He is especially good at running script and lower case script. He is gentle and vigorous, with rigorous rules and vivid attitude. Although it does not have a majestic momentum, it has the style of calligraphy in Jin and Tang Dynasties, and also has its own certain style. The strokes of lower script are gentle and the rhythm is relaxed, which is in harmony with his painting style, and is known as "the number one in the Ming Dynasty".
"Return to Come" page, Ming Dynasty, Wen Zhengming's book Wen Zhengming is famous in the history of calligraphy for being good at various styles, especially good at running script and small regular script. The small script is famous in the world, and those who stick to it are in the ear. The seal script alone is not light, but it is also a high-quality product. The four styles of the book "Thousand Wen", the regular script is exquisite, and it has the meaning of "Huang Ting" and "Yujiao" It can be called the jade version of "Shengjiao", and the script is also wonderful to get the Samadhi of "Shouchan", the seal script has a small method, which is a treasure."
Wen Zhengming's calligraphy is gentle and vigorous, stable and mature, with rigorous method and vivid mood. Although there is no majestic momentum, it has the style of Jin and Tang calligraphy. His style of writing is less angry, and he often reveals a gentle and refined atmosphere in his writing. Perhaps the bumpy official career has worn away his youthful vigor, but his late bloomer has made his style more and more stable. Wen Zhengming was the leader of the Wumen School of Painting after Shen Zhou, with many followers and disciples, forming the largest painting school in the Wumen area at that time.
Wen Zhengming's eldest son, Wen Peng, is also a calligrapher and painter, and his status in the history of Chinese printing is quite high.
Wen Peng [Ming] Calligrapher, painter and seal carver in Ming Dynasty. (1498-1573) was born in Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province) with the style name Shoucheng, the nickname Sanqiao, and the nickname Yuyangzi and Sanqiao Jushi. He paid tribute to Zhu Shengjiu, taught Xiushui, and promoted the son of the country to help the capital in Nanjing. Wen Zhengming's eldest son. Shao inherited his family's learning, and he was excellent in seal script, Fen, Zhen, Xing, and Cao. Talent seems to be superior to him, but his work force is far inferior to that of his father. He studied Zhong and Wang at the beginning, followed by Huai Su, and in his later years, he studied all courts, but he was especially good at seal script and official script. The book seekers kept coming. His father is contemporary with the title of the book, but sometimes he is not happy with the book, although the powerful and powerful dare not force it. Peng kept waving his hand, and all the seekers paid attention. Work engraving is regarded as the golden rule by later generations. The multi-tooth chapters made are often left in ink and ordered to be engraved by Li Wenfu, a native of Jinling. Li Shan carved the borders, and the flowers he engraved were all exquisite and exquisite. Peng Yiyin belonged to it, and he was able to maintain the meaning of his brushwork, so his tooth seal was half out of Li's hand. Empress Peng got the light stone when he was in Nanjian, but it didn't cure teeth anymore, so the name of Dongshi began to be famous in the world. Writing ink and bamboo, the old pen is vertical and horizontal, straight into Wen Tong's room. The landscape is gloomy like Wuzhen. Also good at writing flowers and fruits. Seventy-six years of death. "Ming History, Wenhui and Ming Biography, Ming History, Art and Literature, Wen's Genealogy Sequel, Wu Zhongxiang's Praise of Philosophy, Ming Painting Record, Silent Poem History, Tuhua Baojian Continued Compilation, Painting History Collection, Zhan's Brief Discussion, Coral Net, Style Collection of Calligraphy and Painting in Gutang, Epitaph of Xu Guwen Guobo, Biography of Yinren, Biography of Guangyinren" and He Zhen (styled as Zhuchen, Changqing, named Xueyu) are collectively called "Wenhe". The works handed down from generation to generation include "Ode to Chibi in Xiaokai" collected by the Liaoning Museum, the axis of "Five Rhythm Poems in Cursive Cursive" collected by the Palace Museum, and 19 works in official script, running script and cursive script including "Clerical Script Youmeitang Ji" in the Shanghai Museum. Wen Peng is also good at painting , not many works.
Wen Peng used steatite to carve seals, and created the seal margins for the first time, which changed the inflexible and delicate ills since the Yuan Dynasty and restored the tradition of Han seals. He and He Zhen proposed that seal cutting should be based on the six scripts, and worked hard to create and practice, and achieved great success. Unprecedented achievements created a situation in which literati self-carved seals and carved three pillars with calligraphy and painting, and literati set off an upsurge in learning seal cutting. There are many people who specialize in Wen Peng, who are called "Wu Men School" by later generations; some people learn from He Zhen, who are called "Hui School" or "Wan School" by later generations.
The following is Wen Peng's seal script "Heart Sutra"
Viewing the Bodhisattva Bodhisattva for a long time, if you practice the deep Prajna Paramita for a long time, you will see that all the five aggregates are empty, and you will endure all hardships. Relic, form is not different from emptiness, emptiness is not different from form, form is emptiness, emptiness is form. Want to know that line, same is the case. Shariputra, all dharmas are empty and empty, neither born nor destroyed, neither dirty nor clean, neither increasing nor decreasing, so there is no color in the air, no thoughts, thoughts, eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body and mind, colorless body, thought, taste, and touch. There is no realm of vision, even the realm of unconsciousness, no ignorance, nor the end of ignorance, even no old age and death, nor the end of old age and death. There is no suffering to destroy the way, no wisdom and no gain, because there is no gain. Bodhi Sato, according to Prajna Paramita, there is no hindrance to the heart. There is no hindrance, no terror, far away from upside-down dreams, and finally Nirvana. The Buddhas of the third age, according to Prajna Paramita,Ayandro Sanchao Bodhi. Therefore, we know that Prajna Paramita is a great deity mantra, a great Ming mantra, an infinite mantra, and an infinite mantra. Can eliminate all suffering, true and true. So say Prajna Paramita mantra. That is to say the mantra:
Uncovering the truth, Boluo reveals the truth, Parasangha reveals the truth, Bodhisattva.
